In recent weeks, the Balearic island of Mallorca has once again become the centre of public attention. Images of demonstrations and slogans such as 'Get out!' and 'Tourists go home' on shop fronts and foreign cars have brought a complex problem to the fore. However, anyone who delves deeper into the matter quickly realises that the locals' outcry is not directed at tourists themselves. Rather, it is an expression of frustration with a system that has long been in need of reform.
Since the outbreak of the Coronavirus, it has become clear to everyone that the island needs tourism in order to survive. However, as with everything, moderation is key.
The real problem: housing shortage due to mass tourism
Mallorca is undoubtedly a magnet for tourists. However, this popularity has a downside: the increase in holidaymakers renting accommodation via platforms such as Airbnb or from private providers has led to a housing shortage that is becoming increasingly threatening. Consequently, many locals are finding it increasingly difficult to find affordable housing. Those who make tourism possible in the first place are particularly affected: hotel staff, cleaners, waiters, chefs and security personnel. They need jobs and a home on fair terms. As it is this sector that often relies on workers from the mainland, there is a particular demand for temporary seasonal accommodation. However, this is not available due to holiday rentals, some of which are still illegal.
While new luxury resorts are being built, the need for housing for the local population is largely overlooked. This imbalance is leading to resentment.
It's time for political action!
Clear political decisions are needed now. It is essential that measures are taken to improve the current situation.
Hotels should be required to provide mandatory staff accommodation:
Every major hotel should be required to provide accommodation for its staff. Why can't some rooms be rented out to employees permanently instead of to guests? This would make it easier to recruit seasonal staff, and employees would have accommodation right where they work. Financial losses for hoteliers should not take centre stage. The satisfaction of guests and employees should be prioritised instead. Similar models have already been introduced in other Mediterranean regions.
Activation of unused land:
There are numerous unused plots of land on the island, some of which are in prime locations. Targeted construction projects for social and employee housing should be launched here. Owners who do not utilise vacant land should be held accountable. If properties remain unused for years despite an acute housing shortage, the state could consider expropriation. While this measure must be implemented in a legally correct and fair manner, it should not be considered taboo in times of crisis.
Furthermore, project and property developers should be supported if they are willing to undertake social housing construction projects. Unfortunately, however, the authorities often fail to prioritise applications in this sector and process them promptly. Consequently, investors and construction companies also have to wait 2–3 years to start building social housing.
Regulation of holiday rentals:
Existing regulations must be consistently implemented, tightened if necessary, and above all monitored more closely.
Nobody wants to abolish tourism — it is an essential pillar of Mallorca's economy. However, tourism-driven change must not come at the expense of the quality of life and social balance of locals. Growing resentment towards tourism infrastructure is a clear warning signal. Societies whose needs are ignored run the risk of directing their anger at the most visible symptoms.
The environment is one of the losers
As in other Mediterranean regions, the environmental damage caused by arriving crowds should not be ignored.
Why not charge cruise tourists an additional fee when they book a shore excursion? This could cover the cost of waste disposal, pollution and the use of limited water resources, to name but a few. It would be similar to the tolls charged for cars on various Spanish and other European roads for years to maintain a certain standard and cover the costs of repairing any damage caused.
Conclusion
Mallorca should not become a place where people just go on holiday without ever truly becoming part of the community. Taking a responsible approach to tourism and housing is crucial if we are to preserve the beauty and uniqueness of this island for both locals and visitors.
Foreigners buying property in Mallorca should not be made to feel guilty. Once you start mingling with the locals and engaging with the community, you'll discover how charming the Mallorcans are and how much they value individuals who contribute positively to their island, rather than just seeking a life of luxury without respecting the environment. If you love the island, you will always be welcome!
